WHAT IS YOUR OPINION ABOUT THIS ARTICLE? Bitter Harvest Slavery isn't history - and we're reaping its fruit -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- By Kimberly French You, in all likelihood, own items that were produced by slaves: Chocolate. Hand-woven carpets. Cotton. Coffee. Tea. Tobacco. Sugar. Tomatoes. Cucumbers. Oranges. Grains. Clothing. Sneakers. Soccer balls. Gold. Diamonds. Jewelry. Fireworks. Steel. Glassware. Charcoal. Timber. Stone. Tantalum (a mineral used in laptops, pagers, personal digital assistants, and cell phones). Products in all of these industries have been found made with slave labor, then sold in the global market. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- IN THIS ISSUE -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Boycotts Don't Always Help Meet the New UU Abolitionists What Your Congregation Can Do -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SEE ALSO From the Editor: Will we be abolitionists this time? uu&me! Related Stories and activities for children FROM THE UU WORLD ARCHIVES Holdeen India Program: Tranforming Lives among India's 'broken people' Looking Back: Slavery among the Unitarians -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- RELATED Abolition Today: Bill Sinkford, Charles Jacobs, Fancis Bok, and Vivek Pandit (UUA General Assembly 2003) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ADDITIONAL READING Slavery Is Not Dead, Just Less Recognizable (CS Monitor 9.1.04) 21st Century Slaves (National Geographic 9.03) Modern-Day Slavery (Palm Beach Post 2003) The Social Psychology Of Modern Slavery (Scientific American 4.02) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- More items that you consume every day are tainted by slavery in less direct ways. “Your computer terminal may be made in Japan, but that company may reward executives with sex tours of enslaved prostitutes in Southeast Asia,” says Barney Freiberg-Dale, founder of Unitarian Universalists Against Slavery, one of several Unitarian Universalist groups working to fight modern slavery. All of us who are lucky enough to be housed, clothed, and fed every day benefit from prices kept low by slave labor. Global companies we invest in, or whose stocks are part of our mutual or pension funds, provide higher returns because they buy from suppliers that pay workers very little—or not at all. As participants in the world's largest consumer economy, with its drive for lower and lower prices, we contribute to the global economic pressure for slave labor. We are all complicit. But didn't slavery end in the nineteenth century? Many of today's new abolitionists admit to having held that same assumption, until a news story or pamphlet or lecture shocked them out of it. Or you may have thought the reports of human trafficking that periodically make the news—such as sex slavery rings or forced migrant farm work—were isolated cases, somewhere far from you. I did. The truth is that slavery exists in virtually every country of the world and in almost every U.S. state, according to human rights organizations, scholars, government agencies, and journalists. A growing antislavery movement has been hard at work documenting and exposing this troubling fact. Surveying their reports and interviewing antislavery spokespeople is eye-opening, answering not only my question about the nineteenth-century “end” of slavery but raising other questions as well. In fact, legal slavery did end. Slavery is illegal in every country of the world. Nonetheless there are more slaves today than ever before: 27 million, twice as many as the number of Africans enslaved during the four centuries of the transatlantic slave trade, according to a calculation that slavery expert Kevin Bales calls conservative. Bales, a sociologist at Roehampton University in London who spoke at the UUA's 2003 General Assembly, estimates that 50,000 people are forced to work as slaves in the United States today. How can this be? If slavery is illegal everywhere, how can there be slaves, and in such numbers? In the United States our image of slavery is defined by our own horrific history. The antebellum slavery that was practiced here is called chattel slavery, meaning one person is owned completely by another and can be inherited as property. Today's slavery is different. Simply put, slavery is one person forcing another to work without pay, using the threat of violence or psychological manipulation. Ownership no longer defines slavery. When slaves could be legally owned, when buying slaves required a substantial financial investment, there was an incentive for owners to take care of their “property